### Project Integration: - Powering (wall plug, LiPo, USB battery) - Wires (heat shrink, ribbon cables, screw terminals) - Electronics: EDA, PCBs (1 or 2-sided, stacking headers) - Mechanical (heat set inserts, captive nut) - Enclosures ### Powering Projects - Projects that need to be portable should use a battery, but otherwise projects should be powered by a wall adapter. - LiPo batteries are popular, but require more [attention to safety](https://hobbyking.com/en_us/blog/lipo-battery-safety-101-a-guide). LiPo batteries come in cells (increments of 3.7 V). Typically, we'll support using single-cell LiPos for, e.g., wearable projects, but discourage multi-cell LiPos (which are commonly used for drones or RC cars, require specialized chargers, and are generally less safe). - Coin cells - AA or AAA battery packs - USB battery packs - Bench Power Supplies - [Wind](https://mehmetguvenilir.github.io/PHYS_S-12/final.html), solar, other ### Wire Routing / Cable Management - Screw terminals - Terminal blocks - Heat shrink, zip ties - Wire sheathing <br> <img src="./management.png" alt="packages" width="500"> - Ribbon cables <br> <img src="./ribbon.png" alt="packages" width="500"> ### Mechanical - [Heat set inserts](https://markforged.com/resources/blog/heat-set-inserts) - Hex nut pockets <br> <img src="./nut.jpg" alt="packages" width="500"> - Print-in-place ### Enclosures / Housings - 3D printing - [Makercase](https://en.makercase.com/#/) - <a href='../../lab/metal/sheet.html' target="_self">Sheet metal box (water jet, spot weld) </a> - Injection molding - Vacuum forming - Ingress protection <br> <img src="./IP.jpg" alt="packages" width="500"> #### Examples of Enclosures - [Ana's Nacklace](https://akimber.github.io/PS70/finalproject.html) - [Felly & Rebecca's Arigeta Machine](https://fellyliang.github.io/PS70/finalproject.html) - [Chris' Smart Knife](https://tomkinsc.github.io/harvard-ps70/2020-05-14/) - [Geoff's Tamagotchi](https://geometrikz.github.io/PS70/blog/final_project/) ### Electronics #### Electronics Design - Eagle (Fusion 360) - KiCAD (open source) - [SVG PCB](https://leomcelroy.com/svg-pcb/) - [Easy EDA](https://easyeda.com/) #### Electronics Fabrication - Chip packages <br> <img src="./packages.jpg" alt="packages" width="500"> - SOIC (Small outline integrated circuit) - "Through-hole" vs "surface-mount" components Traces - Board houses - LSIC / [Easy EDA](https://easyeda.com/) - [OSH Park](https://oshpark.com/); see [Chris' example](https://tomkinsc.github.io/harvard-ps70/2020-05-14/) - [Digikey PCB](https://www.digikey.com/en/resources/design-tools/pcb-getting-started) - Shenzhen - Circuit board mill - Vinyl cutter - Printing (Voltera) - Sewing - Perf Boards / "Surf Boards" - [ATTiny1614 breakout](https://www.tindie.com/products/drazzy/attiny16143224etc-breakout-board-bare-board/) Assembly - Pick-and-place machines <br> <img src="./pick.jpg" alt="packages" width="500"> - Solder mask, solder paste, silk screen, reflow oven - Board fab/assembly houses - [https://www.4pcb.com/Assembly-Services.html](https://www.4pcb.com/Assembly-Services.html) Programming - Bootloader - In-system programmer - Serial / FTDI - UPDI (Unified Program and Debug Interface)